More than a decade ago, software engineering emerged as a highly demanded line of work. For many people that didn’t have software engineering degrees, coding bootcamps offered a way to break into this industry. Graduates of these programs started out as entry-level coders and made their way up the ladder. However, the growth of AI has had a devastating effect on these bootcamps and their graduates.
One such bootcamp graduate is Jonathan Kim, who now works at an ice cream shop in Los Angeles. He enrolled in a coding bootcamp and completed the program in 2024. With high hopes of joining a tech firm as a coder, he applied to hundreds of software companies but only half a dozen responded to his application. Only two of the six subjected him to technical evaluation, and none made a job offer.
His woes in the job market are characteristics of what other bootcamp graduates have faced. According to available data, only a paltry 37% of the bootcamp he attended have secured jobs within half a year of graduating. For the class of 2021, this fraction was an impressive 83%.
What changed? For all its shortcomings, AI is doing a good job when it comes to coding. Coding isn’t as nuanced as writing sales copy or other gen-AI tasks, and there is plenty of historical coding material to train AI models to achieve high levels of success in coding. Consequently, most beginner-level coding tasks are now being done by AI, and that has reduced the demand for human coders in many tech firms.
To be fair, AI isn’t entirely responsible for the changing fortunes of coding bootcamp graduates. After a decade or so of churning out talent, the market has become saturated and it is getting harder to secure a job. Additionally, firms widened their pool by looking abroad for talent given the ease of doing coding work remotely. This trend has also shrunk the opportunities available for local talent since foreign employees can be more affordable to employ, especially if they work remotely. AI has simply accelerated the demise of coding bootcamps after these other factors started it.
That said, AI isn’t just shrinking the market for tech talent. Conversely, it has created a gold rush for top-tier talent, such as AI researchers, as depicted in the talent wars between leading firms like Meta Platforms Inc. (NASDAQ: META), Anthropic, OpenAI and Google. For lower-level tech graduates like Kim, the eye-popping pay packages being dangled before leading AI researchers by some companies can seem to defy logic.
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